Essay on Comparing Shakespeares Hamlet and the Movie,...

Comparing Shakespeares Hamlet and the Movie, The Lion King There is no doubt that todays entertainment has lost most of its touch with the more classical influences of its predecessors. However, in mid-1994, Walt Disney Pictures released what could arguably be the best animated feature of all time in The Lion King. With a moral base unlike most of the movies released at the time, TLK placed a childrens facade on a very serious story of responsibility and revenge. However, this theme is one of the oldest in history, and it is not the least apparent in one of the oldest works of literature by The Bard himself, William Shakespeare. The work that Disneys TLK parallels is none other than Hamlet: Prince of Denmark, and the film shadows†¦show more content†¦However, some have attempted to theorize that Hamlets delay is due to his mental instability, his madness over the death of his father. Eliot refutes this, calling the characterization a simple ruse, and to the end, we may assume, understood as a ruse to the audience (62). Simba exhibit s this same behavior, venting his feelings in mournful retaliation against responsibility, most notably when his childhood friend Nala attempts to persuade his to return to the Pride Lands. This delay between our characters adds a more haunting effect between the two works. Its surprising that todays audiences can be so moved by themes that were first implemented in literature almost four hundred years before. Similarly, the characters of Hamlet Sr. and Mufasa bear a striking resemblance to one another, not only in their actions, but their meanings as well. Hamlet Sr., the once king of Denmark, ruled his kingdom in peace and prosperity, evident in the conversations in Act I, Scene I between Marcellus and Horatio about the creations of implements of war in Denmark under the new king, Claudius. Mufasa, too, ruled peacefully over the Pride Lands, only worrying about his son and his responsibilities. But, after their deaths, they each become more than the kings they once were. They become the heralds for thir sons, compellingShow MoreRelatedThe Compare and Contrast of Disneys Lion King and Shakespeares Hamlet1022 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet is without question the most famous play in the English language. Hamlet is a play about a characters struggles with the opposing forces of moral integrity and the need to avenge his fathers murder. Disneys The Lion King is an award wi nning film about a young lion cub named Simba, and his struggles against himself and reality. The movie, The Lion King, and the book, Hamlet, both have a similar story line. Shakespeares Hamlet and Disneys The Lion King have similarRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Shakespeare And Disney And The Lion King824 Words   |  4 Pagespolitical and world views, and different outlooks on life in general. Comparing these two works of art was exhilarating, and quite frankly, kind of difficult. Though you may see similar characters portrayed, the characters’ personalities are very different, and their motives even more so. Though a rather loose correlation, Disney’s The Lion King, which was released in 1994, shows direct parallels to Shakespeare’s play Hamlet. The iconic death of Mufasa, at the hands of his own brother Scar, wasRead MoreDisneys the Lion King: Sundiata in Disguise?1691 Words   |  7 PagesDisney’s The Lion King: Sundiata in Disguise? Over the course of this semester many of the literary works that have been read contained some source of message designed to both teach and improve either the reader or society. Amongst this collection of enlightening literary works, there have been a particular few that have illustrated this idea as well as highlighted particular historical facts about a specific civilization. One distinct book that has met both of these general objectives isRead MoreSimilarities of The Lion King and Hamlet Essay1956 Words   |  8 PagesSimilarities of The Lion King and Hamlet In 1994, the critics hail an animated masterpiece, not only for its artwork and music, but also for the plotline: an evil uncle displaces the heir to the throne and sends him into exile. Years later, following both a prophecy and an encounter with the ghost of the old king, the heir is persuaded to return to his home, avenge his fathers death, and take his proper place as the ruler of the kingdom. At first glance, Disneys The Lion King has all the classicRead MoreSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 Pages My introduction to the literature of H.P. Lovecraft came in the form of brief comments about his work on a late-night television talk-show. The host and his guest were discussing how the fiction of Lovecraft helped influence the latest horror movie. With that little nod from Hollywood, I decided to read the first short story of Lovecraft’s I could find. â€Å"The Beast in the Cave,† quickly became my favorite short story even though the final, shock-value scare seemed clichà © in today’s world of

Becoming An Agriculture Teacher At The High School Level...

In general, college is known for new beginnings, experiences, and basically, a new life, which incorporates the exceptional and the atrocious. College is the stepping stone to a career and possibilities and paths are limitless. I have known for a while that I want to go into either Agricultural Education or Biology, so when I chose my major in school, I just picked both. I love social interaction and leaving an impact on someone, however, I love the sciences like biology and chemistry. Throughout my entire high school career, I fell in love with agriculture and Future Farmers of America (FFA), so currently, the career I am looking into with excitement is becoming an agriculture teacher at the high school level. I have researched the field immensely, however, I never formally interviewed a successful agricultural education professor before this. As a result, I found an expert in my field, Dr. Jeremy Falk, to formally interview to talk about how to succeed in the field. Our interview c overed the essence of a university, how to choose a major, and how to actually succeed as a teacher. As an introduction, Dr. Jeremy Falk, is currently an Assistant Professor in the Agricultural and Extension Education Department of the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences. He grew up as a sheep farmer in Southwest Ohio and participated in 4-H as a child (Personal Interview). He went to Ohio State University for all three of his degrees—Bachelor’s, Master’s and Doctorate (PersonalShow MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : My Life Changed Forever1249 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 2, 2014, my life changed forever. This was my first year in high school, and as a freshman, I had my very first agriculture class. Throughout the year, I decided that a career in agricultural education would be in my future. I enjoy working with students to better themselves and preaching the significance of agriculture. I want to impact the lives of our younger generation just as much a s my two agricultural teachers have mine. One day, I looked up the average salary of an agriculturalRead MoreKilling Animals Is A Normal Way Of Life1658 Words   |  7 Pages an agriculture program for kids. Children with the help of their parents raise and then sell animals such as pigs, chickens, turkeys, goats, rabbit, and cows at their local fairs. I spent eight years in this program starting at the age of nine. I was a freshman in high school when I got involved in FFA, another agriculture program but for teenagers. I learned the ins and outs of the agriculture industry and how important it was for our economy. All these years involved in agriculture and IRead MoreSelecting The Next Chapter1685 Words   |  7 PagesSelecting the Next Chapter Eventually, we all reach the age at the end of our high school career when we have to choose a path. The path that we select will guide each of us to the trail that we will follow for the rest of our lives. Some of us will choose to go directly into the workforce, potentially go to a trade school, or even go onto a post-secondary education in order to obtain a degree. What decision we make then determines what the rest of our life will hold, how successful we can possiblyRead MoreChoosing An Occupation Of The United States1406 Words   |  6 Pagespredominance of family farms, there is strong evidence of a trend toward concentration in agricultural production. By 2007, a mere 187,816 of the 2.2 million farms in this country accounted for 63% of sales of agricultural products (USDA, 2007 Census of Agriculture). In 1935, the number of farms in the United States peaked at 6.8 million as the population edged over 127 million citizens. As the number of farmers has declined, the demand for agricultural products has increased. This increased demand has beenRead MoreThe School Breakfast Program Programs1345 Words   |  6 PagesSUMMARY The school breakfast program is where preschool kids can start the day with good breakfast. Studies have shown feeding children a nutritious breakfast increases their school performance, nutrition intake, and overall health while decreasing obesity, discipline problems, and illnesses. There is concern that children might be coming to school without eating breakfast and still not be participating in the school breakfast program for variety of reasons, including a perceived stigma associatingRead MoreComparing Life in the City to Life in the Suburbs1086 Words   |  4 Pageswhen compared to those in cities. When it comes to school life, public schools in the city are packed full of students and the class sizes are large resulting to lack of relationship between teachers and students this results to teachers not even knowing their students. This is in contrast to suburbs where public schools do not have many students and hence the students and teachers can have a relationship. There can even be cases where teachers can have family members as students. When it comesRead MoreThe Career I Have Picked Is Teaching1543 Words   |  7 Pageshour you have to make it fun. teachers have to do lots of planning and preparing you have to make a study plan or a lesson plan. there s more to it than just setting down and looking online u have to make notes u have to make home work and study guides and tests its alot to do.as a teacher you can make any where from 55,050 a year to 85,690 a year depinding on the school. most teachers work the regular 10 month school year and a 2 month summer vacation. some teachers that do clubs sports and activitiesRead MoreYear-round Schooling: A Simple Solution For Today’s Students1847 Words   |  7 Pagesof a long three month break at the end of each school year, why not give students the same number of days off but spread them out more frequently throughout the year? Year-round education is a more efficient, globally competitive, and fair alternative to the traditional nine month school year. The reasons behind having a three month summer break are outdated and do not provide any functional advantages to the present day student. The current school year lasting nine months with a three month summerRead MoreIntroduction. Throughout My Field Experience, I Was Able1813 Words   |  8 Pagescourse, with my career choice of Agriculture Education, It allows me the ability to educate students on a topic that I have always loved and enjoyed learning and studying about. I enjoyed getting to meet students, as well as to see what they thought about the class they were in, as well as getting to experience the classroom setting from the teachers perspective. Field Experience Site: Loganville Middle School I completed my field study at Loganville Middle School in Loganville, Georgia. It is aRead MoreDude, YouRe a Fag Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesFag High school, the best years of your life with everyday shaping and molding you from a feminine boy to becoming a respectable masculine adult, in truth its surviving everyday without being called a fag. In C.J. Pascoe’s ethnography she examines the dynamics of masculinity carefully exploring gender conformity that’s extracted from a collection of humiliations, fears and anxieties among high school boys. Within the eighteen months that Pascoe tediously studied the students of River High, she

Should Human Cloning Be Permitted Free Essays

In her article â€Å"Should Human Cloning Be Permitted? ,† Patricia Braid (2000) argues against human cloning. Human cloning is a new type of reproduction, specifically asexual reproduction. With this new technology, people have a choice instead of just a chance to have a biological child. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Human Cloning Be Permitted or any similar topic only for you Order Now Human cloning is rejected by the majority of people from different countries because most are not scientists and don’t have a deep understanding of it. People can however, make judgments about complex issues. There are advantages for those that agree with cloning humans because of personal reasons, such as an infertile couple wanting a child of their own, lesbian or gay couples that want to make a family, or a couple wanting to save a dying child. She states that â€Å"[in] these scenarios, there are other options available to form a family’ (Paragraph 4). For the cloned humans, she emphasizes on the possible physical and psychological harm that can occur to them. Patricia Braid questions the risks ND dangers of cloning humans in the future because it not only impacts people that choose to use it but also for society and future generations. She describes cloning as creating a product, not a human and says that it will change the way we think of children that have been cloned. Cloning could become marketable, change laws and most importantly, people may be able to control human evolution. In her conclusion, she accentuates the significance of it being a collective decision on whether or not human cloning should be permitted. How to cite Should Human Cloning Be Permitted, Papers

Course Materials free essay sample

Information Systems in Global Business Today,† of Management Information Systems. Reading Read Ch. 2, â€Å"Global E-Business and Collaboration,† of Management Information Systems. ParticipationParticipate in class discussion. 3 out of 7 days; 8 for the week minimum. Participation on additional days is recommended. 3 out of 7 days with 2 posts minimum on those 4 days2 Supporting Activity Business Integration Levels Resources: SkillSoft (2012). IT Strategy Essentials: Business and IT Strategy Alignment. Complete The Business Integration Levels module in Skillport. Imagine you have been hired by a small well-funded startup company to help with their IT-enabled business strategy. Your first task is to let them know the elements involved with using IT-enabled business strategy. Write an e-mail describing the five elements of IT-enabled business strategy. Answer the following questions in 200 to 300 words each: †¢What are the advantages of aligning business and IT strategies? †¢How does IT deliver business benefits that are related to the business strategy? Monday; post to grade book2 Learning Team Instructions Learning Team CharterComplete and submit the Learning Team Charter. Learning Team Instructions Service Request SR-rm-012 Paper and Presentation (Preparation)Resource: Virtual Organization for Riordan Manufacturing Begin working on Service Request SR-rm-012, Business Systems, for Riordan Manufacturing. Write a 10- to 12-page paper and create a Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation of the project, due in Week Five. Assume that the paper and presentation are to be presented to an executive management committee. At a minimum, the paper must include the following: Each type of business system and subsystem †¢A description of each business system and subsystem †¢Identification of the interrelationships of business systems and subsystems Individual System Inventory For this assignment, you will choose from the following options: †¢Option 1: Virtual Organization System Inventory †¢Option 2: General IT System Inventory Read the instructions in the University of Phoenix Material: System Inventory located on the student website and select one option to complete the assignment. Monday; post to grade book5 Week Two: Business Environment DetailsDuePoints Objectives2. Identify economic, government, and legal influences on business. 2. 2Describe the ethical and security considerations for an information system in business. 2. 3Describe the need for security measures in IT organizations and information systems. Reading Read Ch. 3, â€Å"Information Systems, Organizations, and Strategy,† of Management Information Systems. ReadingRead Ch. 4, â€Å"Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems,† of Management Information Systems. ReadingRead Ch. 8, â€Å"Securing Information Systems,† of Management Information Systems. ParticipationParticipate in class discussion. Participation on additional days is recommended. 3 out of 7 days with 2 posts minimum on those 4 days2 Supporting Activity Security Threats and DefensesResources: SkillSoft (2012). Control Fundamentals and Security Threats. Complete The Security Threats and Defenses module in Skillport. Write an informative memo to a business manager that does not fully understand the need for security measures. Emphasize the risk of not protecting against known security threats such as social engineering. Answer the following in the memo in 200 to 300 words each: Discuss the role that preparing employees to recognize and respond to social engineering techniques should play in the organization’s overall information security program. †¢Note three specific social engineering techniques. Discuss how they can be recognized and how to best prepare employees for each potential attack. Monday; post to grade book2 Learning Team Instructions Service Request SR-rm-012 Paper and Presentation (Preparation)Resource: Virtual Organization for Riordan Manufacturing Review the Home page and the Finance, and Accounting page located on the intranet site for Riordan Manufacturing. Identify and describe, based on your review, existing and needed business systems and subsystems. Draft the first 2 to 3 pages of the paper. Individual Service Request SR-kf-013 PaperKudler Fine Foods is in the process of developing a new frequent shopper program. Details of this program are described in the Service Request SR-kf-013 and on the Sales Marketing page of the Kudler Fine Foods intranet website. Write a 3- to 5-page paper describing the potential legal, ethical, and information security concerns related to the development of the Kudler Fine Foods Frequent Shopper Program. Discuss in your paper any specific costs related to these issues that are relevant to your review. These could include fines and other costs related to problems in these areas. Keep your analysis focused on the requested concerns, not the project itself. Your paper should focus on making management aware of the issues that must be addressed in the new system and should not directly cover the implementation process. Include in your description how this information system has an effect on the organizational structure. Monday; post to grade book15 Week Three: Finance and Accounting DetailsDuePoints Examine accounting information systems. 3. 2Analyze accounting information systems and business processes. ReadingRead Ch. 1, â€Å"An Introduction to the Role of Accounting in the Business World,† of Core Concepts of Accounting. ReadingRead Ch. 2, â€Å"Concepts and Elements Underlying Accounting,† of Core Concepts of Accounting. ReadingRead Ch. 9, â€Å"The Corporate Income Statement and Financial Statement Analysis,† of Core Concepts of Accounting. ParticipationParticipate in class discussion. 3 out of 7 days; 8 for the week minimum. Participation on additional days is recommended. Discuss the need to integrate accounting systems with those in the rest of the enterprise. Why would such systems need to have constant data feeds from throughout the enterprise? Monday; post to grade book2 Learning Team Instructions Service Request SR-rm-012 Paper and Presentation (Preparation)Resource: Virtual Organization for Riordan Manufacturing Review the Human Resources and Legal pages located on the intranet site for Riordan Manufacturing. Identify and describe, based on your review, existing and needed business systems and subsystems. Draft the next 2 to 3 pages of the paper. Individual Accounting System PaperFor this assignment, you will choose from the following options: †¢Option 1: Kudler Accounting System Paper †¢Option 2: Profit and Loss Statement Paper Read the instructions in the University of Phoenix Material: Accounting System Paper located on the student website and select one option to complete the assignment. Monday; post to grade book15 Week Four: Sales and Marketing DetailsDuePoints Objectives4. 1Examine contemporary marketing practices. 4. 2Describe marketing in the electronic commerce environment. ReadingRead Ch. 1, â€Å"Marketing: Creating and Capturing Customer Value,† of Marketing. ReadingRead Ch. 2, â€Å"Company and Marketing Strategy: Partnering to Build Customer Relationships,† of Marketing. ReadingRead Ch. 4, â€Å"Managing Marketing Information to Gain Customer Insights,† of Marketing. ReadingRead Ch. 14, â€Å"Direct and Online Marketing: Building Direct Customer Relationships,† of Marketing. ReadingRead Ch. 16, â€Å"Sustainable Marketing: Social Responsibility and Ethics,† of Marketing. ParticipationParticipate in class discussion. 3 out of 7 days; 8 for the week minimum. Participation on additional days is recommended. 3 out of 7 days with 2 posts minimum on those 4 days2 Supporting Activity Social Media and Online MarketingResources: SkillSoft (2012). Marketing Essentials: Introduction to Marketing. Complete The Social Media and Online Marketing module in Skillport. Imagine the IT department of a medium-sized company has hired you. Your first task is to explain the value of social media as a marketing tool. Write a letter to the IT department in which you discuss the key things the company should do to establish a strong positive social media presence. Answer the following questions in the letter in 200 to 300 words each: †¢What role do IT systems play in marketing? How can IT systems help support an organization’s marketing efforts? †¢What are the key elements of an organization’s online reputation? How can they positively influence each one? Monday; post to grade book2 Learning Team Instructions Service Request SR-rm-012 Paper and Presentation (Preparation)Review the Sales Marketing page located on the intranet site for Riordan Manufacturing. Identify and describe, based on your review, existing and needed business systems and subsystems. Draft the next 2 to 3 pages of the paper. Begin working on your Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation. Individual McBride Marketing PaperResource: Virtual Organization for McBride Financial Services McBride Financial Services wants to expand its customer base and needs ideas on what to put in its new marketing effort toward this goal. Write a 3- to 5-page paper describing a marketing plan for McBride Financial Services. In completing the assignment, consider the following: †¢What market research would you undertake? †¢What types of media would you use? †¢What are McBride’s target markets? †¢What are the considerations for McBride to conduct a portion of their marketing on the Internet? Explain your reasoning for your responses. Monday; post to grade book15 Week Five: Information Systems DetailsDuePoints Objectives5. 1Identify types of information systems and required security. 5. 2Apply the concepts of information systems to business processes. ReadingRead Ch. 1, â€Å"Information Systems in Global Business Today,† of Management Information Systems. ReadingRead Ch. 2, â€Å"Global E-Business and Collaboration,† of Management Information Systems. ReadingRead Ch. 3, â€Å"Information Systems, Organizations, and Strategy,† of Management Information Systems. ReadingRead Ch. 8, â€Å"Securing Information Systems,† of Management Information Systems. ReadingRead Ch. 13, â€Å"Building Information Systems,† of Management Information Systems. ParticipationParticipate in class discussion. 3 out of 7 days; 8 for the week minimum. Participation on additional days is recommended. 3 out of 7 days with 2 posts minimum on those 4 days2 Supporting Activity Control TypesResources: SkillSoft (2012). Control Fundamentals and Security Threats. Complete The Control Types module in Skillport. Imagine University of Phoenix’s IT department has hired you. Your first task is to make sure the department is following the most important information security practices. Write a 2- to 3-page paper highlighting the most important information security practices. Answer the following questions in your paper in 200 to 300 words each: †¢What are three key elements for an organization to consider in strengthening its overall information security posture? Describe how each plays a role in the operations of the entire organization. †¢How do the principles of information security apply to the material that has been examined during the course? How can the systems used throughout the organization both enable business and protect the data they contain? Monday; post to grade book2 Learning Team Service Request SR-rm-012 Paper and PresentationReview the Operations page for Riordan Manufacturing. Identify and describe, based on your review, existing and needed business systems and subsystems. Include information on the need for IT security in Riordan Manufacturing. Include types of information systems and required security for Riordan Manufacturing. Complete the final paper and project presentation. Monday; post to grade book30 Copyright University of Phoenix ® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft ®, Windows ®, and Windows NT ® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix ® editorial standards and practices.

Beatty Essay Example

Beatty Essay Character analysis for Beatty I chose Beatty because he is a complex character is Fahrenheit 451. His job as a fireman is to get rid of the ‘treacherous weapons’ which normal everyday people like us call ‘Books’. Beatty is static because he is straight-forward in being the chief of the firemen and manipulates Montag, who is a fireman who regrets being one like his grandfather and father before him, to remain a fireman despite his feelings.Beatty is a book burner with a vast knowledge of literature, someone who cared about books at some point that he quotes in the story in a book and knows that when Montag said, â€Å"Once upon a time † that Montag opened a book and immediately, set the mechanical hound out to search for books at his house. Beatty is the type of person that you see on the television trying to sell you ‘necessities’ (Or how Jesus was used in this novel. ) He persuaded Montag to read a book, to kill that urge, that he had to ok from Ms.Blake’s home before it was burnt, and then burn it after but Beatty knew that this wasn’t his first time taking a book from a ‘contaminated’ house. The It is important to note that Beatty’s entire speech to Montag describing the history of the firemen is strangely ambivalent, containing tones of irony, sarcasm, passion, and regret, all at once. Beatty calls books treacherous weapons, yet he uses his own book learning to manipulate Montag mercilessly.In one of his most sympathetic moments, Beatty says he’s tried to understand the universe and knows firsthand its melancholy tendency to make people feel bestial and lonely. He is quick to stress that he prefers his life of instant pleasure, but it is easy to get the impression that his vehemence serves to deny his true feelings. His role as a character is complicated by the fact that Bradbury uses him to do so much explication of the novel’s background. In his shrewd observation s of the world around him and his lack of any attempt to prevent his own death, he becomes too sympathetic to function as a pure villain.

Individual Analysis Paper on Organizational Behaviour Essays

Individual Analysis Paper on Organizational Behaviour Essays Individual Analysis Paper on Organizational Behaviour Paper Individual Analysis Paper on Organizational Behaviour Paper Individual Analysis Paper Albert Sherman September 30, 2011 MGMT 320-52 Robert J. Niemi, Ph. D 1. What is the brief history of the company and its line of business is it involved in? Background/History: The field of Social Services happens to be one of the many areas in the State of Minnesota that provide serves to people with Developmental Disabilities and also mental health/behavioral. It can be further complicated by the overwhelming number of service options, multiple home care companies and other people’s opinions of what’s best. Seeing the need to serve these people Jamie Fenh was move to establish a company that will meet the needs of these people. Thereby in 2003 Pinnacle Services (PS) was founded to be a part of that industry catering to these people. PS compassionately responded to the need for assistance by offering an array of home care services. Its mean mission is to ensure that quality services are provided to the consumers they serve, so that those consumers may achieve their full potential and realize their dreams. PS sets out to achieve this mission by utilizing, investing, and celebrating their consumer’s needs, dreams, and choices in regards to where they live, learn, work and play. PS provides innovative support to help people achieve their personal goals and improve the quality of their lives. Their services are flexible. They meet each individual’s needs for design, delivery and level of support. It is PS’s goal to help the people they serve attain their highest level of achievement. They support them and their families in meeting their needs and accomplishing their goals. In addition, Pinnacle Services brings cultural diversity, consumer satisfaction, person-centered services, high standards and proven quality to the consumers they serve. Its competencies are to have the benefit of a shared administrative, highly motivated team with years of experience and knowledge to draw on. PS seeks to empower people to achieve their full potential and to realize their dreams. They are committed to creating and expanding opportunities for children and adults with disabilities. This is demonstrated by their agencies contribution to the realization of an individual’s choice of caregivers, support, housing, and employment opportunities. Organizational Design/Culture: 1. How is it structured as regard to organization? 2. What is the culture of the organization? The very nature of the field of industry requires one to be very flexible and be willing to quickly adapt to the non-ending changes that comes with it. This flexibility is one those traits that is seen in the amongst many employees within the organization. Pinnacle Services has many reasons for its success however the one that sticks out the most is its friendly and family oriented work environment that it has within its walls of employment. The polychronic culture exhibited by Jamie fehn, the Administrative Director, has largely contributed to the social nature of the company. More over the diversity of the people that PS employees is over whelming. This team includes culturally and professionally diverse staff with training in social work, psychology, special education, counseling, nursing, program management, financial management and documentation management. The CEO pointed out that PS, â€Å"We employ talented professionals who have completed a rigorous training which meets or exceed the requirements of the Department of Human Services, the Minnesota Department of Health, and of industry standards. † Its shared value /philosophy is to support individuals only as much as they require and to teach them the skills necessary to obtain and maintain community employment. PS is very careful in its interview process due to the interest it takes in finding qualified, energetic and caring employees to help support individuals improving their lives and helping all those who support and surround them. These highly qualify workers must meet the standard of the industry and also that of the Department of Human Services. These enthusiastic, motivated employees are than amalgamated in to the company and empowered to make decisions and demonstrate their individual creativity. Thereby, allowing them to maximum productivity in the rendering of care for their consumers. These enthusiastic employees become a part of the team that yields efficiency and output. We offer a great benefits package including: That affect the lives of the people they serve According to the adaptive perspective of organizational culture, organizations must be ready and willing to adapt to the ever-changing and evolving environment. This type of perspective shows that employees working within a successful adaptive culture support each other, are trusting of each other, and truly strive for the betterment of the organization. Nothing could be truer of the culture at SWA. This ? chip-in? attitude is found to be one that promotes a feeling of confidence in the organization and an expectancy of its long-term continued success. Pinnacle Services focuses on providing only what is necessary to promote the dignity of independence†¦. Read More The people we serve are capable, dependable and enthusiastic members of the workforce. Our philosophy is to support individuals only as much as they require and to teach them the skills necessary to obtain and maintain community employment†¦. Read More Careers Pinnacle Services is dedicated to providing high quality services to people with disabilities. We believe that our employees are the most important factor in providing these quality services. We are always looking for motivated employees that want to make a difference. We offer a great benefits package including: Leadership: SWA thrives on leadership. According to Joseph Rost? s Leadership for the Twenty-First Century, leadership can be defined as a dynamic relationship based on mutual influence and a common purpose between leaders and collaborators in which both are moved to higher levels of motivation and moral development as they affect intended change. (Freiberg, 298) At SWA, leadership is practiced through collaborative relationships. The employees of SWA work in relationships where the roles of the leader and collaborator are interchangeable. According to Tim McClure, ? Southwest has been building a company that has leaders within every rank and file of the business. They rise to the occasion at different points in their careers and at different times in the company? s growth, but when they are there-they are there.? (Ibid. , 299) At SWA, leadership is based on commitment, not compliance. Leadership is getting people to want to do what you want them to do because they share your purpose, vision, and values. When the interests of leaders and collaborators overlap, long-term commitment is the result. (Ibid. ) At SWA, this commitment must be earned. . How can you best describe the leadership style within the company? And how structured as it relates to Chain of Command (COC)? (participative or supportive) 2. How strong would you say that employees here composition a part of leadership or is there room wherein they even feel part of it. 3. Is there any composition of regular employees within leadership structure? One that has to do with concerns of your employees? The employees of SWA see themselves as leaders who can make a difference. Leadership inspires motivation among employees because they see that they are cared for and valued as people. When employees are motivated, there is an increase in your commitment to your work, and your work becomes more meaningful. SWA is big on employee recognition to increase leadership, which will increase motivation. Leaders raise people to higher levels of motivation by showing them how their individual contributions are linked to the major purposes of the organization. Employees who go above and beyond are recognized in SWA? s newsletter, LUV Lines. Leaders at SWA will use any means available to show people the importance of what they do. (Ibid. 314) Leaders will also show their belief in people by giving them assignments that are often way outside the boundaries of their normal job descriptions. Leaders at SWA show employees what extraordinary service looks like, then trusts them to do the right things. Decision Making: 1. As it relate to the company who make most of the major decisions, when it comes to the day to day affairs of the company who make the decision? 2. In the study of BO there are times when companies inquirer from its employees how to go about making decisions that will affect their jobs as it relate to pay, hours of work, benefits. Is there form of a participatory decision making within the company? Motivation/Rewards: 1. How best can you describe the motivating fact behind your employees wanting to continue working for this company? 2. Is there any form of a reward system within the organization? 3. Other than money is there other form of rewards if any for outstanding work? Staff Recognition Programs At Pinnacle Services we are committed to employee development. We offer all of our employees recognition for their hard work. There are a number of ways we recognize our employees, one of which is the employee of the month program. Our employees receive recognition in our quarterly newsletter and a gift certificate to a location of their choosing. Paid Time Off (PTO) We are proud to offer our fulltime employees paid time off which is sick and vacation time combined into one. Employees earn paid time off every month they work and the longer an employee works with our organization the more paid time off they can earn. Team/Group Dynamics: 1. In this line of work the cohesiveness is very vital to it goal achievement. How can you define what is that you have, a Team or Group. What are the dynamics by which they operate? . There has to be conflicts within any organization. How can you best describe how these conflicts are resolved. Either with leadership or with co-workers to co-worker? This team includes culturally and professionally diverse staff with training in social work, psychology, special education, counseling, nursing, program management, financial management and documentation management. We employ talente d professionals who have completed a rigorous training which meets or exceed the requirements of the Department of Human Services, the Minnesota Department of Health, and of industry standards. Our support planners are experienced professionals who work collaboratively with families, individuals with disabilities, elderly individuals, County and State officials, and other community agencies to carry out the SWA has instilled a corporate culture that creates the framework for effective and efficient groups/teams. The success of the teamwork begins with employee hiring. The personnel department was renamed the People department, and the training and development department was renamed the University for the People. Henderson, 9) SWA has established a Culture Committee which is charged with the task to indoctrinate both employees and customers in SWA? s different way of doing things. This demonstrates SWA? s commitment to training its employees to succeed within the team the team being the family at SWA. Kelleher has been successful in creating a family (team) rather than a traditional organizational structure. The teamwork is phenomenal at SWA. Its employees are willing to pi tch in wherever needed; they are willing to walk-or fly-the extra mile. Pilots might man the boarding gate if things are running slow; ticket agents might find themselves schlepping luggage. (Labich, 44) Communication: 1. What is the best line of communication that is used by Pinnacle to communicate with its employees? 2. Comm. is most often between two people the sender and the Receiver. 3. How well have employees understood these lines of communications? 4. How does or by what means does the company get it a result from its employees as to how well they received and decoded the communication? Communication, as defined in our textbook, is ? hose exchanges of information and influence between organizational members, at least one of whom has formal (as defined by official organizational sources) authority to direct and evaluate the activities of other organizational members.? (Kreitner, 497) Communication within organizations moves upward, downward, and laterally. Effective communication is critical for individual, group, and organization success. Like ma ny organizations, SWA uses numerous forms of communication media (e. g. , face-to-face, telephone calls, electronic mail, voice mail, etc. ). SWA faces barriers to its communication process, especially those of a physical nature. SWA has expanded into markets beyond the Dallas area, and this expansion has caused glitches in communications. (Feldman, 3) Power/Politics: 1. Who has power within the company, is it the CEO or is it the BOD? 2. Even though it is understood that this is a nonprofit business or for profit business what is the politics of the day to day running of the company? 3. Are decision base of a vote of majority rule. 4. Does the dynamic of power/politics make it difficult for decisions to be made and follow up on? 5. The fields of services that your organization is involved with, most see lots of competitions that come with it. How do you manage that? 6. What are some of the outside forces that fight against such organizations? 7. Learning and Value. Politics in the work place 1. What have you learned over the years of working with this company? Conclusion: Develop an analysis of the organization that focuses on Organizational Behavior concepts and theories. Examine the MGMT 320 Organization Analysis Rubric for Headings to use in your paper. (See below as well. ) Background/History: Describe the organization and identify concepts/theories evident from your research such as: Organization design, power and politics, Leadership (including style), Decision making (including model), Motivation (including theory), rewards, Communication, team/group dynamics, Organizational culture. Describe the organization from the three levels of organizational behavior (individual, group, organizational). Life Insurance Pinnacle Services offers a Life Insurance plan to all of its fulltime employees, contributing 100% of the monthly cost. Short-Term Disability We offer our fulltime employees a short-term disability policy that provides payments to an employee should they become disabled and cannot work. Our organization contributes to 75% of the cost of this benefit. Paid Time Off (PTO) We are proud to offer our fulltime employees paid time off which is sick and vacation time combined into one. Employees earn paid time off every month they work and the longer an employee works with our organization the more paid time off they can earn. Paid Training At Pinnacle Services we are committed to employee development. We offer all employees paid training in a variety of topics including but not limited to; First Aid CPR, Medication Administration, Data Privacy, Vulnerable Adults and Maltreatment of Minors Act. 01k Retirement We offer our salaried employees a 401k retirement plan with an employer match. This is a great way to save for retirement; employees can contribute some of their earnings pre-tax and Pinnacle Services will match a portion. Mileage Reimbursement We appreciate our employees using their vehicles when necessary. We therefore offer all employees reimbursement at . 405 cent s a mile for any driving they do related to their position./p>

Articles of Confederation vs. the Constitution Essay

Articles of Confederation vs. the Constitution - Essay Example The Constitution granted the federal government the right to act directly on individuals and states. It provided the legislative basis for creating the Supreme Court, which granted the federal courts the possibility and the right to try the individuals who broke federal laws.The Constitution of the USA also granted the citizens of the country the possibility to affect the policy of their country more directly, as it stated that the state Representatives should be elected by the popular vote unlike the Senators, who are appointed by state legislatures. The Constitution also took the duty of the adjudicator of disputes between states from the Congress and granted it to the Supreme Court. As we can see, the Constitution made a lot of changes in the legislative, executive and forensic system of the USA, it made the connection between the states much tighter, thus making the country more powerful, established the new rights of the Congress and gave it the right to regulate the most import ant processes within the country, which allowed to make the power more centralized.

Leadership Profile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership Profile - Essay Example Later in 1978 he received a doctorate degree in criminal justice from Sam Houston State University Texas. Worked in the Royal Thai Police Department for 14 years and retired as a Lieutenant Colonel in 1987. His last position was Deputy Superintendent of the Policy and Planning Sub-division, General Staff Division, Metropolitan Police Bureau. After resigning from Royal Thai Police and with several failed business ventures in 1987 Mr. Thaksin started his own business Shinawatra Computer and Communications Group. Mr. Thaksin later resigned from the post of Chairman of the Board of Directors, Shinawatra Computer and Communications Public Company Limited Thaksin entered politics in late 1994 under the invitation of Chamlong Srimuang, the leader of Palang Dharma Party and in 1995 he became the leader of Palang Dharma. Mr. Thaksin held the position of deputy prime minister twice; being appointed Deputy Prime Minister in charge of Bangkok traffic in 1995 and again in 1997 Deputy Prime Minister under Prime Minister Chavalit Yongchaiyudh. It was in 1998 that he founded the Thai Rak Thai Party and became the party leader. Received the "Outstanding Criminal Justice Alumnus Award" from the Criminal Justice Center, Sam Houston State University and, later on October 25, 1996, the "Distinguished Alumni Award" from the same University As it stands Mr. Received the Honorary Award from the Mass Media Photographer Association of Thailand (MPA) as the Outstanding Politician who has contributed significantly to the society As it stands Mr. Thaksin was an extremely popular political leader. His dynamic entrepreneurial vision allowed him to establish a huge transnational business conglomerate and in ten years become one of the wealthiest individuals in Southeast Asia and the world. He twice won landslide elections - in 2001 and 2005 - with his party performing better than any in history. In fact, he is the only Thai prime minister to have completed a full four-year term after an election. Thaksin's distinctive economic, public health, education, energy, drugs and international relations policies made him the first elected Prime Minister in Thai history to complete his term in office, and helped him win a landslide re-election in 2005. (New York Times, 2006) After the creation of Thai Rak Thai, it was his enormous financial resources that allowed him to attract many accomplished and popular local politicians to his party. With a belief of populism and a strong emphasis on directing more funds to rural areas and communities, Thai Rak Thai developed a strong rural base in Thailand. The populist economic policy which was also termed "Thaksinomics." included novel programs such as "One Tambol, One Product," a highly successful program aimed to encourage each sub-district to develop a product in which it had a singular competitive advantage and

Marketing plan Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing plan - Case Study Example The business has employees who range between nine and ten who work to serve the customers that are coming from that area, or visiting from other areas. The growth of the business is determined by the manner in which they advertise their products and services. One crucial area in the running of the business is the incorporation of technology into the company core operations or business processes (Lynn, 2010). Engaging actively with customers on numerous media fronts is what keeps the company on its toes. By engaging in all cleaning and laundry operations, the company has something to offer most of its customers. Laundromat and laundry services make it easy for customers to choose what they want, and go for it through different avenues. By performing different analysis in the environment where the business operates provides the company with sufficient information as to what best suits the company. Issues that have been noted from this analysis is that the company has a small staff numb er, which is a drawback. Secondly, the business is faced with the issue of heightened competition from small players within the industry. Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 4 2.0 Services offered the pricing strategy 4 3.0 Pricing strategy 5 4.0 The promotional strategy 5 5.0 The Situational analysis 6 6.0 Customer analysis 7 7.0 Market and competitor analysis 8 8.0 Marketing strategies 9 8.1 Product 9 8.2 Price 10 8.3 Place 10 8.4 Promotion 10 9.0 Conclusion 11 Snow White Laundry & Drycleaners in Sydney 12 Upgrade Premium listing 12 1.0 Introduction This present paper is a marketing report that is based on the Snow White Laundry and Drycleaners Company. The report is mainly designed to act as a marketing report for the company. It begins with a preview of the services that are offered by the company and even the pricings strategy that has been applied by the company. Other sections that will be covered in the report include a discussion of the promotion strategy that has so far bee n applied by the business and it provides a situational analysis for the business. The report will also presents an analysis about the market and even the competitors of the company. Another section of the report will present an analysis about the company’s customer base and some issues that affecting the business. In the last section, before concluding the report will present marketing strategies that can be applied in order to increase the financial performance of the business as well as its market share in the Sydney market. Before embarking on the actual report it is important to mention that the Snow White Laundry and Drycleaners Company is a company that was established in the year 1949 and it mainly specialize in offering cleaning services for various items that range from clothes to carpets. The company has an established global presence with branches in different countries and its customer base include individual customers as well as corporate or business organizatio ns. 2.0 Services offered the pricing strategy Snow White Laundry & Dry cleaning offers services that are broadly classified into dry cleaning and laundry services. Under dry cleaning services, the company offer to clean various items in a process, which do not include the use of water but rather the use of chemicals in process called tumbling. Laundry services on the other hand include cleaning services that majorly rely on the use of water was well as other chemicals and detergents (Lynn, 2010). For this particular, report the case study branch

The Imposing Of Goods And Services Tax Economics Essay

The Imposing Of Goods And Services Tax Economics Essay The imposing of Goods and Services Tax (GST) will replace the Malaysian service and sales tax. GST has been implemented in US, Singapore, Thailand and Japan where Malaysias GST will be charged four percent for buying and selling transactions. The basic necessities like sugar, flour, and oil are free from GST in Malaysia. GST is a consumption tax where everyone can be charged of all the supplies of goods and services. For example, if the total price of a good is RM10, then consumers will have to pay an extra 40 cents after GST is charged. However, GST will affect the middle and low income group in Malaysia who use their income for basic necessities. Government impose taxes on the buyers and sellers. When there is a tax on buyers, they will buy less and this discourages consumptions of goods and services. Tax on buyers will increase the cost of buying and hence demand decreases. The demand curve will shifts to left by the tax. Buyers will need more money to buy the goods produced and services performed. When there is a tax on sellers, they will sell less and discourages production of goods and services. Tax on sellers will increase the cost of production and hence decrease the supply of goods and services. As a result, the quantity of the goods sold will decline. The supply curve will shifts to left by the amount of the tax. Buyers and sellers both will have to bear with the tax. The buyers will have to pay more for the goods while the sellers receive less profit. The sellers will earn less if the tax is imposed. The government use the revenue from taxes to subsidy the items which needed by the citizens. Rice, petrol, oil, sugar and chicken are examples that government subsidies for the people. These items are very crucial in their daily life. In my opinion, taxes should be imposing on the selling of cigarettes and alcohols. If the government impose tax on these two items, the demand of cigarettes and alcohols will reduce. This is because cigarettes and alcohols have negative impact in our body. The people slowly realise the importance of having a healthy lifestyle. If the price of cigarettes and alcohols increases, people will consume less. This is because the population of the country mainly consist of lower income group. This group of people do not have enough money to buy when the price goes up. The diagrams below show the illustrations of tax on buyers and tax on sellers. P S Psellers P without tax Pbuyers Tax D1 D0 Tax on buyers 0 Q S1 P S0 Pwithout tax Pbuyers Tax Psellers D Q 0 (b) Tax on sellers Besides tax, price control also regulates the market when the markets fail. Price control consists of two acts which is the ceiling price, the maximum price charged to the consumers and floor price, the minimum price producers sell. Ceiling price is the maximum limit set by the government for goods and services. This is to help the buyers which are the lower income group in Malaysia. The ceiling price is set based on basic necessities like sugar, oil and rice. Ceiling price increases the quantity demanded of a good for consumers and decreases the quantity supplied by the producers or sellers. Sellers cannot sell goods and services above the ceiling price. As a result, they will leave the market. When the quantity demanded is more than quantity supplied, this will incur shortages for goods and services. Producers will not have the incentive to produce more while the consumers will demand more than normal condition. The producers would likely to produce low quality products. Price ceiling have been impose on the sugar market and rice market in Malaysia recently. The producers of sugar will not want to sell their products at ceiling price. Then, the sugar producers will supply less sugar in the market. Hence, the consumers will be facing panic-buying where the consumers scared that they will not have enough sugars to make cakes and drinks especially during festive celebrations. Consumers will be healthier if they have less consumption of sugar. This policy will cause hardship to Malaysians. In contrast, consumers will enjoy the benefit of having a low price for goods and services. Consumers would like to pay less than more on goods and services and save more for their futures. However, the shortage caused by the suppliers or producers creates a black market. This is where the goods and services are bought and sold illegally. Black market creates problem for the poor people. The poor people will not get the goods if they do not have enough money. In a black market, people who bid and willing to pay the highest will get the goods. If the ceiling price of a good in Malaysia is lower than the price in worldwide, the producers will sell the good to other country other than Malaysia. The main reason is they can earn extra profit if they sell overseas through smuggling. Black market always associated with criminal activities like selling firearms, tobacco and drugs. The diagram below shows the illustration of the ceiling price. Price Equilibrium price Supply Equilibrium point Price ceiling (binding) Pe Pn Shortage Demand Qe 0 Quantity demanded (c) Ceiling price The objective of floor price is to raise the revenue of producers. Government set the minimum price for the goods and services that offered by the producers. For example, when the price of petrol increases, the quantity demanded by the consumers decreases. When the quantity demanded reduces, there will be more supply in the market, then surplus of goods and services incur. When surplus occurs, producers will produce too much and consumers demand too little. The surplus bought by the government can be used when there is shortage of goods and services at ceiling price. Consumers would have to pay a higher price for goods and services. The suppliers or producers are guaranteed to a higher price and hence they increase production. However, the producers are guaranteed temporarily as there are more competitions in their own industry. The diagram below shows the illustration of floor price. Surplus P Floor price (binding) Pn S Equilibrium price D Equilibrium quantity 0 Q (d) Floor price In conclusion, the Goods and Services Tax and price control increase the efficiency of the market and have some positive and negative impacts in different public policies. The GST has to be fair with either to suppliers or consumers. Besides public policies, the distribution policy can also increase the efficiency of a market. Ceiling price and floor price are affecting the consumers demand and the suppliers supply curve. The government has to care for the lower income group in order to decrease the cost of basic goods and services in their daily life.

Influences of Gender and the Southwest :: Essays Papers

Influences of Gender and the Southwest Gender influences women artists in many ways. Some artists utilize their artwork to combat sexism. Others portray gender through their art in different ways than male artist might. Additionally, the careers of women artists may be influenced by their gender (or physical sex). The influence of the southwest is also very visible in the artwork of many artists who live or have lived here. Some are influenced by the diverse cultures who make this region their home. Others are influenced by the landscape. (I realize that this paper is not representative of all of the cultures which have helped to shape the southwest. This was not intentional. It is primarily because, regretably, I had a hard time finding resources on women artists in the Southwest who were from cultures other than Euro-American, Native American and Mexican-American.) Through this paper, I hope to be able to show examples of a few of the many ways in which gender and the southwest influence the lives and careers of southwestern women artists, and in turn, how many of these artists utilize their art to change people's perceptions of gender, the southwest and southwestern cultures. One artist whose art is strongly influenced by living in the southwest is Roz Driscoll. Driscoll lived in Arizona for seven years during the 1970's. According to Driscoll, the pieces in her exhibit, A Sense of Touch, " . . . grew out of traditions such as Native American pueblos, Indian temples and wells, Egyptian tombs. They reflect themes as, plateaus, and canyons of the Southwest . . ." (1999) Another artist whose work was strongly influenced by the Southwest is Georgia O'Keeffe, whose art was strongly influenced by the landscape of New Mexico. In fact, " . . . that region's dramatic mesas, ancient Spanish architecture, vegetation, and desiccated terrain became her constant themes. ( Gale, 1998 ) Culture differences in the Southwest have also been portrayed through the artwork of many Southwestern women artists. The artwork of Carmen Lomas Garza, who has spent much of her life in Texas, is strongly influenced by her Chicana heritage.

Enron Bcci Case

IBCCI’s Misgivings: Four major frauds explained in the Price Waterhouse report. 1. According to the Sandstorm Report, some $633 million of losses related to treasury trading. 2. Price Waterhouse had been doing its job, there's no way that this $1 billion exposure [in BCCI's Central Treasury] which was taken to $11 billion exposure in the course of 3 or 4 months [in 1985] could have happened. 3. All of BCCI's serious treasury problems were related to the activities at Grand Cayman, which had taken place in a blatant and repetitive form over many years.BCCI was paying its auditors $5 million per year to conduct audits which each year took nearly five months. if properly done, these audits should have uncovered the problems and forced action long before April, 1990 4. In the case of BCCI, there can be no question that the auditing process failed to work. As the Bank of England stated in determining that BCCI be closed 5. Given the demonstrable failure of the auditing process, ser ious questions have been raised about how and why BCCI's outside auditors permitted BCCI to flourish as long as it did, despite fraud and other bad practices which went back many years. 6.The record offers both support for assessing blame on BCCI's auditors, and the suggestion that their work in the spring of 1991 was an essential component of the investigative process that ultimately forced BCCI's closure. 7. One view of the culpability of BCCI's accountants was expressed by BCCI's own chief financial officer, Masihur Rahman. Rahman testified that as BCCI's top financial official, he did not know of BCCI's frauds prior to the spring of 1990. He testified that has the bank's chief financial officer in London, he did not have access to any of the underlying loan information and related files at BCCI's various field offices.Rahman testified that he therefore relied on the work of the outside auditors, operating around the world at the local level, to review BCCI's records at its vario us offices and branches, and thereby ensure their truth and accuracy. 8. At the other extreme was the position taken by BCCI's principal auditor, Price Waterhouse (UK), that it was completely deceived by BCCI until the spring of 1990, and handled its responsibilities concerning BCCI without any fault whatsoever. 9.If Price Waterhouse had been doing its job, there's no way that this $1 billion exposure [in BCCI's Central Treasury] which was taken to $11 billion exposure in the course of 3 or 4 months [in 1985] could have happened, says CFO. 10. According to Rahman, Price Waterhouse (UK) had signed off on BCCI practices year after year without issuing any red flags, until suddenly, in April, 1990, it found massive deficiencies at the bank, in which, as Senator Kerry put it, â€Å"every red flag in the world was flying,† raising the question of how Price Waterhouse could have missed all of BCCI's bad practices previously. 1. Price Waterhouse should have known from their audit of Grand Cayman over many years that deposits of BCCI were being misused. The ‘fictitious' loan accounts were in most cases so obviously fictitious that the year after year audit of PW should have detected most, if not all. PW not only knew about accounts where some $600 million of the fraud had at BCCI had taken place. 12. BCCI was paying its auditors $5 million per year to conduct audits which each year took nearly five months.According to Rahman, if properly done, these audits should have uncovered the problems and forced action long before April, 1990. 13. In contrast, as Price Waterhouse expressed their position, BCCI had deceived them through colluding with shareholders and borrowers to create false documentation that mislead them. 14. The auditor's responsibility is to design and execute an audit so as to have reasonable expectation of detecting material misstatement in the financial statements whether due to fraud, irregularity, or error.However, common sense dictates, a nd it is accepted internationally, that even the best planned and executed audit will not necessarily discover a sophisticated fraud, especially one where there is collusion at the highest level of management and with third parties. Under such circumstances, it is reasonable to expect that it may take a number of annual audits before accumulating concerns change to suspicions and ultimately lead to the identification of fraud; in fact, this is what happened in audit of BCCI. 15.Price Waterhouse found that BCCI Treasury losses had been concealed and its profits manufactured through BCCI's failure to record deposits and other liabilities; the creation of fictitious loan accounts; the purchase and repurchase of BCCI's own shares through nominees with buy-back arrangements; and the collusion between BCCI and major customers in supplying false confirmations to the external auditors, among other techniques. 16. $346 million related to the illegal acquisition through nominees of several US banks were identified. 17.BCCI's initial strategy for the United States was to infiltrate the U. S. banking system through purchasing beachhead banks in major banking centers, and then to expand the beachhead operations until BCCI had U. S. banking operations of sufficient size that they could ultimately merge with BCCI itself. 18. State regulators in New York had proven resistant to BCCI, and BCCI had successfully acquired National Bank of Georgia and FGB/First American 19. BCCI expanded in the United States by opening BCCI branch offices in regions with significant populations from the Third World engaged in rans-national commercial activity, such as Miami, Houston, Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, and Chicago. 20. BCCI's intention was to use these branch offices to feed depositors and banking activity to NBG and First American, expanding BCCI's activities through pushing deposits into the federal deposit insurance system. Abedi had decided that he would work systematically to integrate the various U. S. banks BCCI now secretly owned, until the survivor was strong enough and large enough to in turn purchase BCCI 21.BCCI’s accounts and balance sheets had been manipulated to cover-up a loan of $725 million to a Pakistan based shipping company. 22. The relationship with the Gulf Group began in 1972 when it placed very large deposits with BCCI in Luxembourg and London. There was little tangible evidence of other businesses until 1976 at which time the trade finance lines and shipping loans were opened by the Group. An amount of $1. 2bn was financed to the Abu Dhabi Company (Gulf Groups) owned by Abbas Gokal . Abbas along with his other brothers used amount of money as a lever obtain short-term funding and repayment of non-BCCI bank debt. 3. This exposure of huge sums gained the attentions of Bank of England in 1977 resulting in BCCI transferring accounts to Grand Cayman in 1978 when it became apparent that the Gulf Group faced financial difficulties . This was the time when account manipulation started which is why a ‘special duties’ was assigned the duties to oversee these accounts. This ‘special duties’ department was involved in fabricating information in respect of the ‘offshore accounts’. This included the creation of profiles of the beneficial owners, financial information, false instruction letters etc. 4. Management in collusion with Gulf used sophisticated methods of deception to conceal funds flows including: * Use of gulf ‘bank’ account which received funds and then redistributed them around a number of accounts * Transfer between Gulf locations in different parts of the world to create turnover and imply debt servicing, particularly just before year ends. * Conduit accounts at external banks, under the control of BCCI officers. * Funds transfer through BCP and nostro accounts at various BCCI branches. * Use of excessive interest and charges to provide profits 5. BC CI had used $500 million of its own resource to acquire 56% of its own shares through a series of complex transactions. The final losses may well be in excess of $4 billion and Abu Dhabi’s exposure to BCCI and related activities is estimated to be some $9. 4 billion A few other misdeeds have surfaced regarding; 26. Money Laundering From the time of BCCI's indictment on drug money laundering charges in Tampa, Florida in October, 1988, there was little doubt to anyone looking at the facts that BCCI had been used to launder drug money 27.Bribery The recipients of funding from BCCI may not have considered the payments to be â€Å"bribes,† but simply a mechanism by which BCCI obtained what it wanted from an official, and in return the official helped BCCI, such as BCCI's payments to two of the Gulf emirs in return for the use of their names as nominees for the purchase of First American 28. Support of Terrorism and Arms Trafficking BCCI's support of terrorism and arms traff icking developed out of several factors.First, as a principal financial institution for a number of Gulf sheikhdoms, with branches allover the world, it was a logical choice for terrorist organizations, who received payment at BCCI-London and other branches directly from Gulf-state patrons, and then transferred those funds wherever they wished without apparent scrutiny. Secondly, BCCI's flexibility regarding the falsification of documentation was helpful for such activities ENRON 29. Houston Natural Gas Corporation and Internorth Inc. merged in 1985 to form Enron Corporation.Since its conception, Enron has distinguished itself as an innovative, prominent leader in the natural gas market. Enron, headquartered in Houston, was the largest trader of natural gas and electricity in North America. Enron also market and traded other commodities, including water, paper, coal, chemicals, and fiber-optic bandwidth. The success of Enron’s aggressive strategies is demonstrated by the rise in its stock price from a split-adjusted $3. 20 per share in 1985 to $80. 63 per share on November 20, 2000. In this same period, revenues increased from $10. 3 billion to $40. 1 billion and net income improved from a loss of $54. million to $919. 0 million. 30. As a result of its ability to discover new business opportunities, transform traditional industries, and enter new ones, Fortune magazine named Enron â€Å"Most Innovative Company† for an unprecedented sixth consecutive year in 2001. 31. Enron’s focus on innovation has been demonstrated throughout its history. As a newly formed company in the mid-1980’s, Enron pioneered the trading of natural gas when natural gas markets were deregulated. When Enron entered the electricity market in 1993, it revolutionized the industry by facilitating a market to trade electricity.Enron was also among the first energy companies to expand beyond traditional energy markets by entering the telecommunications industry. Enro n even entered the e-commerce sector by partnering with leading high-tech companies to form Enron Online, a business-to-business website that facilitates the trading of commodities. 32. Enron’s events timeline: * 1985 — Houston Natural Gas merges with InterNorth to form Enron, HNG CEOKenneth Lay  becomes CEO of combined company the following year * 1989 — Enron begins trading natural gas commodities 1990 — Lay hires  Jeffrey Skilling  to lead the company's effort to focus on commodities trading in the deregulated markets. Andrew Fastow  is one of Skilling's first hires later that year. * June 1990 Jeff Skilling, who has been a consultant for McKinsey & Co. , joins Enron * June 11, 1991 Enron asks the Security Exchange Commission (SEC) to approve mark-to-market accounting. * Jan. 30, 1992 SEC approves mark-to-market accounting for Enron * November 1996 Richard Kinder, COO of Enron, doesn’t get CEO job, so he leaves. * December 10, 1996 Enron announces that Jeff Skilling is taking over as COO. June 28, 1999 Enron’s Board of Directors exempts CFO Andy Fastow from the company’s code of ethics so that he can run a private equity fund—LJM1—that will raise money for and do deals with Enron. The LJM Funds become one of the key tools for Enron to manage its balance sheet and make investors think that it is performing better than it is. * October 12, 1999 Enron board exempts Fastow from Enron’s code of ethics so that he can raise money for LJM2 * August 23, 2000 Stock hits all-time high of 90 dollars. Market valuation of 70 billion dollars.FERC (the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission) orders an investigation into strategies designed to drive electricity prices up in California * December 13, 2000 Enron announces that President and COO Jeffrey Skilling will take over as chief executive in February. Kenneth Lay will remain as chairman. * Late 2000 Enron uses â€Å"aggressive† accounting to declare 53 million dollars in earnings for broadband on a collapsing deal that hadn’t earned a penny in profit. * August 14, 2001 Skilling’s resignation announcement. In evening, analyst and investor conference call.Skilling: â€Å"The company is in great shape†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Lay: â€Å"Company is in the strongest shape that it’s ever been in. † Lay is named CEO 33. What went wrong- Corporate governance : The purpose of Corporate governance is to act as a ‘gatekeeper’. ENRON lacked proper surveillance on the part of its Board of Directors, Auditors and Investors. 34. Inappropriate Tools: * Mark to market: As a public company, Enron was subject to external sources of governance including market pressures, oversight by government regulators, and oversight by private entities including auditors, equity analysts, and credit rating agencies.This method requires that once a long-term contract was signed, the amount of which the asset theoretica lly will sell on the future market is reported on the current financial statement. In order to keep appeasing the investors to create a consistent profiting situation in the company, Enron traders were pressured to forecast high future cash flows and low discount rate on the long-term contract with Enron. The difference between the calculated net present value and the originally paid value was regarded as the profit of Enron. In fact, the net present value reported by Enron might not happen during the future years of the long-term contract.An overly optimistic projection was set forth. * SPE—Special Purpose Entity: Accounting rule allow a company to exclude a SPE from its own financial statements if an independent party has control of the SPE, and if this independent party owns at least 3 percent of the SPE. Enron needed to find a way to hide the debt since high debt levels would lower the investment grade and trigger banks to recall money. Using the Enron’s stock as c ollateral, the SPE, which was headed by the CFO, Fastow, borrowed large sums of money. And this money was used to balance Enron’s overvalued contracts.Thus, the SPE enabled Enron to convert loans and assets burdened with debt obligations into income. In addition, the taking over by the SPE made Enron transfer more stock to SPE. However, the debt and assets purchased by the SPE, which was actually burdened with large amount of debts, were not reported on Enron’s financial report. The shareholders were then misled that debt was not increasing and the revenue was even increasing. 35. Fiduciary failure: The BOD was unable to live up to their fiduciary responsibilities. By having no proper check on the conflict of interest. 36. Conflict of Interest: Enron hired and paid its own auditors.That was a conflict of interest built into the legal system because the auditor had an incentive not to issue an unfavorable report on the company that is paying him or her. The Board allowe d conflicts of interests with the partnerships it held, and did not keep a proper oversight of the partnerships. There was also a basic lack of communication on the part of the Board to review the related party transactions. SPE’s served as a major conflict of interest. E. g. the committee failed to recognize clear elements that indicated the downfall, such as Anderson communicating that Enron was ‘pushing the limits’ since 1999.Also, 3000 Special entities, out of which 800 were organized in tax havens. 37. High Risk Accounting: Enron’s Audits committee failed not only to guarantee the independence of the External Auditorsbut also to maintain proper accounting practices in accordance with the interest of the shareholders. It furthermore, approved transactions that were entirely designed to cover up the debts and over-stated revenues, instead of focusing on the economic outputs. Corporate Culture: Utter lack of Interest, specifically by the Board of Directo rs, on off-the-book financials. They had a general culture of being defensive.They would rather cover up their own failures, than acknowledge it. Jeffery Skilling is reported to have said, â€Å"I've never not been successful at business or work†¦ ever! †Furthermore, the corporate culture did not allow open dissent. The Board was also inadequately informed; hence their decision making was clouded, and obsolete. 38. Extensive Compensation to the Executives: The Company paid millions of dollars in deferred salaries and bonuses to midlevel and high-level executives still working in late November, just before the Dec. 2 bankruptcy filing, which forced the company to suspend all such payments.But a number of employees who had retired or recently left the company were denied similar payments. 39. Lack of Independence: Financial ties between the Board of Director and Enron and also financial ties between the external auditors and Enron. The Board was also relying too much on th eir auditors. They were not entirely independent, which led to variation in their process of information disclosure. They clearly shred information. 40. Transparency: The management was not transparent and truthful about the position of the company. They had a general culture of being ‘the best’ at everything, hence, they denied exposing their failures.Enron did not live up to their duty of full disclosure and good faith. The Board did not communicate effectively with its auditors from Arthur Andersen. The idea that Enron’s employed accounting techniques were â€Å"aggressive†, wasn’t conversed clearly enough. E. g. When the CEO disclosed to the employees that the stock price was to rise, there is whatsoever no evidence of him disclosing that he was selling stock as well. Only the investigation surrounding Enron’s bankruptcy enabled shareholders to learn of the CEO stock sell-off before February 14, 2002 which is when the sell-off would other wise have been disclosed.

Cici’s Pizza Research Paper Essay

Introduction â€Å"Hi, welcome to CiCi’s! † This is the warm greeting that every CiCi’s employee will welcome every customer with when they walk through the door. This warm welcome is just one of the many things that CiCi’s does to exceed the customer service expectations that come with a buffet style restaurant. With competition lurking, and the economy pinching, great customer service has become a premium. This is why CiCi’s focuses so much on the customer’s wants and needs. The mission statement is as follows: Do â€Å"Whatever it Takes† to exceed each guest’s expectations. Background CiCi’s Enterprise is an American style buffet restaurant chain based in Coppell, Texas. There are approximately 600 franchised and corporately owned restaurants in 35 states. The company was founded in 1985 in Plano, Texas by Joe Croce and Mike Cole. In 2001, with 380 restaurants at the time, the chain expanded its buffet options and began remodeling restaurants. Four years later, CiCi’s had more than 500 locations, and was the fastest growing pizzeria in the United States. In 2003 Croce retired from the business, and passed ownership of the company to Craig Moore, a general manager in Dallas. Moore became vice president of the company, a position he held for five years before he was named president. As president of the chain, Moore oversaw the company’s operations and franchise growth, eventually announcing his retirement in 2009, after 17 years with the company. Michael Shumsky took over after Moore retired in late 2009. He had previously served as CEO of La Madeleine Restaurant, Inc. In addition to its current 600 restaurants, in 2010 CiCi’s announced plans to add another 500 restaurants in the next 10 years. CiCi’s has won numerous awards and has also been named one of the top 25 performing brands by The Wall Street Journal and a top 200 franchise concept by Franchise Today (CiCi’s Pizza, 2011). Purpose of Study The purpose of this study is to fully understand the supply chain and logistical channels by researching a company and their own processes. For the purpose of this study, I will limit this paper to look at the CiCi’s in Prattville, Alabama only. Also I will limit this to follow only pizza products through the logistics channel. Environmental Analysis SWOT The strengths of CiCi’s pizza make it one of the best in the industry. It offers a unique buffet experience with so many pizza varieties. Most of the competition in the industry only offers one style of pizza with one price, but at CiCi’s you can get up to 20 different varieties with one low price. If you don’t want to sit in the family oriented restaurant with the best customer service and eat then you have the option to order take out. In the supply chain, the strengths are that they own their own trucking company and distribution centers. With all these strengths under their name it is no wonder that CiCi’s is the 9th largest pizza chain in the United States. (Pizza Franchise Report 2011, 2011) The owner Michael Shumsky is not satisfied with the title 9th largest pizza chain in the US. The weaknesses of CiCi’s are that they have no delivery services while the other top competitors do. Also, because the price is so low, there can be a perception of low prices = low quality. The one other thing that is holding CiCi’s back from being in the top five is that there is 15 states in the US that so not have a CiCi’s in them. Simply put, there needs to be more franchises build in order for this company to rise to the top of the list. (JMC Restaurant Distribution INC. , 2011) One common quality of successful franchise owners is that all a weakness shows is that there are opportunities. CiCi’s can offer delivery services in order to make their customer service that much better. Also in order to make the company name and logo as popular as the top companies it needs to expand into the rest of the United States and have at least one restaurant in every state. Last, because CiCi’s is in the top ten of the industry, there are threats that come with that title, because there are many other business that are close behind them that what to take their spot. The Mellow Mushroom is a pizza buffet that is less than a mile from the CiCi’s in Prattville, AL. Mellow Mushroom offers similar services but at a higher price. One advantage that the Mellow Mushroom has is that is looks a little more elegant and upper class. People who are looking for more formal dinner experience would be likely to go to Mellow Mushroom. Another threat for the CiCi’s in Prattville, Al is that it is in a place where there are many food options available. Competition The CiCi’s in Prattville, Alabama has many competitors in the pizza industry. This creates a highly competitive market, which is good for the customer because that means that the customer service will be top notch. The competitors include: Domino’s, Pizza Hut, Hungry Howie’s, Papa John’s, Little Caesar’s, Marco’s, Pasta Pizzeria & Grill, and Mellow Mushroom. All these companies are within a 20 mile radius. In a lucrative market like the pizza one, the more competitors the better the customer service because it is so competitive. Market Analysis The pizza market can be very lucrative, therefore it is very competitive. There are low barriers to entry for this market because there is not a perfect way to make a pizza, so there is a lot of room for different types and different restaurants. CiCi’s has established itself as a top competitor in this market. The pizza segment of the food industry represents 11. 7% of all restaurants and accounts for more than 10% of all foodservice sales (Pizza Franchise Report 2011, 2011). Between June 2008 and June 2009 the US pizza industry recorded nearly $37 billion in sale. According to â€Å"Pizza Power†, PMQ magazine’s (Pizza Marketing Quarterly) Annual Industry Analysis, of the 67,554 pizza stores in the US, 59% are independently owned and control 51% of total pizza sales. Franchises and chains account for 41% of the market and for nearly half the sales. The following pie charts were sourced from PMQ’s 2009 annual industry analysis and depict the breakdown of pizza stores in the US and a breakdown of US pizza sales (Pizza Franchise Report 2011, 2011). CiCi’s pizza is included into the other top chains 15%. The pizza industry experienced a loss of market share and sales during the recession as skyrocketing cheese prices and an increase in the cost of wheat and other pizza essentials drove up the cost of pizza. Customer Analysis Pizza is enjoyed by people from all walks of life and eating out at restaurants is an essential part of the American lifestyle. According to the National Restaurant Association, 45% of adults say that restaurants are still a major part of their lifestyle and that they will continue to frequent their favorite restaurants. According to a survey completed by Mintel, 93% of Americans eat at least one pizza per month and 21% of 18 – 24 year olds purchase pizza more than three times per month. This is compared to only 7% of those aged over 65 eating at least one pizza per month. Pizza also proved popular with parents. About 20% of the parents surveyed said that they purchase pizza more than three times per month, compared to 12% of adults with no children (Pizza Franchise Report 2011, 2011). This customer group covers much of the target market for CiCi’s pizza. Because so many age groups love pizza, there are many target markets for pizza places to target. These customers look for more than just a good tasting pizza now, they look for a place with good deals and even better customer service. Supply Chain Activities CiCi’s, like many other businesses has a busy season. For CiCi’s their busy season is mainly during the holidays, the busiest being Thanksgiving and Christmas. For these special times of the year they need to forecast just how much more products they need in order to keep the customers satisfied. The forecasting is done by looking at the previous year’s sales during that particular time period; in addition, if there is any national media at that time. They take the dollar usage per item and multiply that by the projected sales to give them how much to order of each item; the items being flour, sauce, and pizza toppings (Hassell, 2011). Demand Forecasting cannot be done before there is a proper count of the inventory. Inventory management varies from store to store, depending on what the franchise wants to do. Most stores count inventory every Sunday night or Monday morning. The CiCi’s in Prattville counts inventory on Sunday nights. To manage the inventory they have a food cost program that you enter the ending count; the computer downloads the order and uses the previous count as the beginning. The company as a whole tries to keep food cost percentages at 28% or lower, with labor cost of 18. 5% or lower (Hassell, 2011). Once the forecasting is done, then it is time to place the order. CiCi’s uses an online order management system called ESOS (Exhibition & Sponsorship Ordering System). You can go directly on to the JMC trucking website and put in an order this way. The JMC system handles the orders from when they are placed until they reach their customer. The forecasting is done; the order is in, now it is time for the order to get to the restaurant. This is where CiCi’s takes a big leap from its competition, because of its transportation system. CiCi’s has become such a powerful force in the pizza industry partly because of attention to detail in the transportation channel. They own their own transportation service. JMC restaurant distribution Inc. is a full service distribution company founded by Joe Croce in 1990, after he found out that other distributors were not able to keep pace with his vision of great service, low prices and â€Å"whatever it takes† attitude. Today JMC serves over 600 restaurants in 35 states out of three distribution centers strategically located in Dallas, TX, Atlanta, GA and Richmond, IN. The opening of a fourth center is in the making in Arizona. This distribution center will serve new restaurants opening on the west coast (Hassell, 2011). JMC has a well maintained fleet of over 70 power units with 48†² or 52†² refrigerated trailers (some with lift gates), run consistent routes each week to CiCi’s restaurants, and return to our Dallas, Atlanta and Richmond, Indiana bases carrying freight for ourselves and others under JMC authority. JMC brings the same dedication to great prices and great service to its freight customers as it does to its restaurant customers. To date, JMC has served over 1500 freight customers handling a wide array of dry, refrigerated and frozen products throughout the United States (JMC Restaurant Distribution INC. , 2011). Just as important as the forward movement of goods, is the reverse movement. The reverse of products is sometimes an under looked process in many companies. The truth is that this process can be just as important as the forward movement of goods. CiCi’s does have a reverse process for damaged or broken products. For example, if a bag of flour that comes off the truck has a hole in it or it is leaking, there is a chance that it is contaminated so they throw the bag away. To compensate for the loss of the bag the receiving store will get one free bag of flour they next week when the truck comes in (Hassell, 2011). When the delivery truck comes to CiCi’s, carrying this week’s supply, it is the driver’s responsibility to unload the truck. The employees at the restaurant do not help with unloading. It takes about 45 minutes to completely get all the products off the truck and into the store (Hassell, 2011). Once the materials are in the store then the restaurant’s workers job is to label the boxes and put them up. The labeling and packaging of the boxes is not that importance in the CiCi’s supply chain, because the customer of the restaurant does not see what the bags of flour look like or how the pepperoni is packaged. What is important in the packaging is that the packages be able to withstand certain temperatures and weights because most of the trucks are refrigerated and carry lots of other products. Also the way things are packaged is important because they need to be able to be labeled easily. Damaged packages will be directed right back to the JMC in the reverse process. With the forward and reverse of all these products, transportation can get pretty expensive. The facility locations are very important because of this. CiCi’s has a total of three distribution facilities that are strategically placed. The biggest of the three facilities is the one in Dallas, TX. This facility covers all the states shaded in red in the picture below. Second largest facility is the one in Atlanta, GA. This one covers the states shaded in yellow. (JMC Restaurant Distribution INC. , 2011) That is where the CiCi’s in Prattville Alabama gets all of its products. Last, the states shaded in blue are handled by the facility in Richmond, IN. All the facility locations were made with the main roads, possible traffic, and distance in mind. Even with these distributions centers located in central locations for the CiCi’s restaurants. The procurement process does not have influence on the locations, because the raw materials come from all over, they receive bids on their products and JMC makes the decision based upon the quality of that product and the other ones. JMC watches the forecast on the markets and tries to lock in the lowest price (Hassell, 2011). As stated previously, the pizza industry is extremely competitive, and with his competitive market, customer service is a premium. â€Å"Hi, welcome to CiCi’s! † is the phrase that every employee must memorize and say to every customer that comes into the restaurant. Customer service is a component that this company really focuses on. On the website they have a list of guest promises that they stand by. They are as follows: to do â€Å"whatever it takes† to exceed your expectations, to say â€Å"Hi, welcome to CiCi’s, to guarantee you a full-hot-fresh buffet, and to use our names to make you favorite pizza, to serve you in a fun, sparkling clean restaurant, and to say â€Å"goodbye, come back and see us (CiCi’s Pizza). The pizza industry is so competitive that the best way to get new customers and keep the loyal customers is to have the best customer service around. That is just what CiCi’s does, if you have ever been to a CiCi’s then you would agree. Recommendations Pizza is very much part of the American way of life, with Americans eating approximately 100 acres of pizza each day, or 350 slices per second. Although the pizza industry experienced a decrease in sales during the recession, the beginning of 2011 has seen an increase in sales. The development and implementation of new technology and marketing strategies has enabled the pizza industry to adapt to growing consumer demands for cheap, fast, and convenient products. CiCi’s has done a good job establishing itself as a top competitor in this market. In order for CiCi’s to compete with the top pizza franchises in the market, such as Pizza Hut, they need to get more creative. CiCi’s needs to increase their marketing budget, this would create more awareness to their target customers and increase sales. CiCi’s need to become a household name and in order to do that there needs to be more franchises. Currently CiCi’s only has restaurants in 37 states. If they were to expand into all 50 states and increase their marketing then I believe the CiCi’s would be the best pizza franchise in the United States. Conclusion After all, the â€Å"do whatever it takes to exceed the guest’s expectations† is a great mission statement that CiCi’s defiantly goes by. This great company has expanded from one restaurant in Plano, Texas to over 600 in 35 states in 25 years. That is a great accomplishment, and they are not done yet. With a plan to build more restaurants in the future, you can expect to see CiCi’s at the top of the pizza industry very soon. The supply chain management is one of the best in the industry because they own part of their supply chain. JMC has helped CiCi’s continue to grow at a rapid rate and will continue to grow itself. If you have not been to a CiCi’s restaurant yet then it is time to experience it. References CiCi’s Pizza. (2011, November 7). Retrieved November 30, 2011, from wikipedia. com: http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/CiCi’s_Pizza JMC Restaurant Distribution INC. (2011). Retrieved November 8, 2011, from cicistrucking. com: http://cicistrucking. com/about_jmc. html Pizza Franchise Report 2011. (2011). Retrieved November 24, 2011, from Franchisedirect. com: http://www. franchisedirect. com/foodfranchises/pizzafranchises/pizzafranchiseindustryreport20111/80/292#Ref1 CiCi’s Pizza. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 26, 2011, from Welcome to CiCi’s Pizza: http://www. cicispizza. com/_template. php#Scene_1 Hassell, M. (2011, November 12). Regional Manager. (J. Montgomery, Interviewer).

Tycho Brahe and Enlightenment essays

Tycho Brahe and Enlightenment essays Brahes model of the universe can be explained best with this model below. (p.409, Dictionary of Scientific Biography) In this model, Brahe describes the universe with the earth at the center. The sun orbits the earth while the other planets revolve around the sun in the order of Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. There is also a realm of fixed stars beyond the paths of the planetary orbits. In contradiction with the traditional Aristotelian view of the universe, Brahe believed the heavens were imperfect and could be changed. Brahes model of the universe was first worked out by 1583 and printed in 1588 in De mundi aetherei recentioribus phaenomenis, however, his model was never presented in great detail. In spite of his extremely precise observations, Brahe could not detect a parallax for even a single star. If the Earth did in fact orbit the Sun, the stars would have to be infinitely distant. Brahe could not conceive of a universe so immense that an observer as accurate as himself could not detect any stellar parallax. Even more convincing to Tycho was the fact that he believed he could measure the angular size of stars. The brightest of them he thought to be 2 arcminutes across. The farther away an object is, the larger its true size must be in order that it have a given angular diameter. Brahe could not detect as much as 1 arcminute of parallax for any star, so he concluded that stars were so distant that, to have angular diameters of 2 arcminutes, they actual sizes would have to be twice the size of the entire orbit of the Earth. If they were still farther away, their diameters would have to be proportionally greater (Abell, Morriso, and Wolff 35). In 1572, Brahe observed a supernova in the constellation of Cassiopeia where no star had been seen before. The prevailing opinion held that the supernova was not really a ...